CCDData¶

class astropy.nddata.CCDData(*args, **kwd)[source]¶

Bases: astropy.nddata.NDDataArray

A class describing basic CCD data.

The CCDData class is based on the NDData object and includes a data array, uncertainty frame, mask frame, flag frame, meta data, units, and WCS information for a single CCD image.

Parameters:

data : CCDData-like or numpy.ndarray-like: The actual data contained in this CCDData object. Note that the data will always be saved by reference, so you should make a copy of the data before passing it in if that’s the desired behavior.
uncertainty : StdDevUncertainty, VarianceUncertainty, InverseVariance, numpy.ndarray or None, optional: Uncertainties on the data. If the uncertainty is a numpy.ndarray, it it assumed to be, and stored as, a StdDevUncertainty. Default is None.
mask : numpy.ndarray or None, optional: Mask for the data, given as a boolean Numpy array with a shape matching that of the data. The values must be False where the data is valid and True when it is not (like Numpy masked arrays). If data is a numpy masked array, providing mask here will causes the mask from the masked array to be ignored. Default is None.
flags : numpy.ndarray or FlagCollection or None, optional: Flags giving information about each pixel. These can be specified either as a Numpy array of any type with a shape matching that of the data, or as a FlagCollection instance which has a shape matching that of the data. Default is None.
wcs : WCS or None, optional: WCS-object containing the world coordinate system for the data. Default is None.
meta : dict-like object or None, optional: Metadata for this object. “Metadata” here means all information that is included with this object but not part of any other attribute of this particular object, e.g. creation date, unique identifier, simulation parameters, exposure time, telescope name, etc.
unit : Unit or str, optional: The units of the data. Default is None.

Warning

If the unit is None or not otherwise specified it will raise a ValueError

Raises:

ValueError: If the uncertainty or mask inputs cannot be broadcast (e.g., match shape) onto data.

Notes

CCDData objects can be easily converted to a regular: Numpy array using numpy.asarray.

For example:

>>> from astropy.nddata import CCDData
>>> import numpy as np
>>> x = CCDData([1,2,3], unit='adu')
>>> np.asarray(x)
array([1, 2, 3])

This is useful, for example, when plotting a 2D image using matplotlib.

>>> from astropy.nddata import CCDData
>>> from matplotlib import pyplot as plt   
>>> x = CCDData([[1,2,3], [4,5,6]], unit='adu')
>>> plt.imshow(x)   

Methods

*read(args, kwargs)	`Classmethod` to create an CCDData instance based on a `FITS` file. This method uses `fits_ccddata_reader()` with the provided parameters.
*write(args, kwargs)	Writes the contents of the CCDData instance into a new `FITS` file. This method uses `fits_ccddata_writer()` with the provided parameters.

Attributes Summary

`data`	`ndarray`-like : The stored dataset.
`header`
`uncertainty`	any type : Uncertainty in the dataset, if any.
`unit`	`Unit` : Unit for the dataset, if any.
`wcs`	any type : A world coordinate system (WCS) for the dataset, if any.

Methods Summary

`add`(operand[, operand2])	See `astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.add`.
`copy`()	Return a copy of the CCDData object.
`divide`(operand[, operand2])	See `astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.divide`.
`multiply`(operand[, operand2])	See `astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.multiply`.
`subtract`(operand[, operand2])	See `astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.subtract`.
`to_hdu`([hdu_mask, hdu_uncertainty, …])	Creates an HDUList object from a CCDData object.

Attributes Documentation

data¶: ndarray-like : The stored dataset.

header¶

uncertainty¶

any type : Uncertainty in the dataset, if any.

Should have an attribute uncertainty_type that defines what kind of uncertainty is stored, such as 'std' for standard deviation or 'var' for variance. A metaclass defining such an interface is NDUncertainty but isn’t mandatory.

unit¶: Unit : Unit for the dataset, if any.

wcs¶: any type : A world coordinate system (WCS) for the dataset, if any.

Methods Documentation

classmethod add(operand, operand2=None, **kwargs)¶: See astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.add.

copy()[source]¶: Return a copy of the CCDData object.

classmethod divide(operand, operand2=None, **kwargs)¶: See astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.divide.

classmethod multiply(operand, operand2=None, **kwargs)¶: See astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.multiply.

classmethod subtract(operand, operand2=None, **kwargs)¶: See astropy.nddata.NDArithmeticMixin.subtract.

to_hdu(hdu_mask='MASK', hdu_uncertainty='UNCERT', hdu_flags=None, wcs_relax=True, key_uncertainty_type='UTYPE')[source]¶

Creates an HDUList object from a CCDData object.

Parameters:	hdu_mask, hdu_uncertainty, hdu_flags : str or None, optional If it is a string append this attribute to the HDUList as `ImageHDU` with the string as extension name. Flags are not supported at this time. If `None` this attribute is not appended. Default is `'MASK'` for mask, `'UNCERT'` for uncertainty and `None` for flags. wcs_relax : bool Value of the `relax` parameter to use in converting the WCS to a FITS header using `to_header`. The common `CTYPE` `RA---TAN-SIP` and `DEC--TAN-SIP` requires `relax=True` for the `-SIP` part of the `CTYPE` to be preserved. key_uncertainty_type : str, optional The header key name for the class name of the uncertainty (if any) that is used to store the uncertainty type in the uncertainty hdu. Default is `UTYPE`. New in version 3.1.
Returns:	hdulist : `HDUList`
Raises:	ValueError If `self.mask` is set but not a `numpy.ndarray`. If `self.uncertainty` is set but not a astropy uncertainty type. If `self.uncertainty` is set but has another unit then `self.data`. NotImplementedError Saving flags is not supported.

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CCDData¶